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Manufacture of textiles

The processing of cotton
Cotton manufacturing processes (Murray after 1911)
Bale switch
Blow Room
Willowing
Cutting Machine Switch
Batting
Finish cutting machine
Polished
Carding
Carding Room
Silver Back
Rake
Drawing
Locks
Intermediate
Wandering
Fine roaming
Spinning Mule
–
Turning rings
Yarn
Staggering
Double
Winding
Grouping
Bleach
Winding
Distortion
Wiring
Sizing / slashing / Dressing
Gasification
Weaving
Tail
Cloth
LAN (cheese) – - Bundle
Sewing Thread
Cotton is the world's largest fiber Natural. In 2007, the overall yield was 25 million tons from 35 million hectares in over 50 countries.
There are five stages
Culture and harvest
Methods of preparation
Yarn
Weaving
Finish
Culture and harvest
Cotton cultivated everywhere with long hot summers and dry with plenty of sunshine and low humidity. Indian cotton, Gossypium arboreum, is thinner, but the food only Basic is suitable for the treatment of hand. American cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, produced the most basic needs for the production of the machine. Planting is from September mid-November and the harvest is between March and May The cotton bolls are harvested by fishermen and collectors pin stripper, to remove the top of the plant. Capsules Cotton is the pod of the cotton plant, which is attached to each of the thousands of seeds are fibers of about 2.5 cm long.
Bombing
Cottonseed is in a cotton gin. The cotton gin separates seeds and eliminates the "Trash" (soil, stems and leaves) of the fiber. In a gin Saw, circular saw back and pull the fiber through a grid that is too narrow for the seeds to pass. A roller gin is used with cotton base long fiber. Here is a roll of cotton seized leather. A knife blade, near the roller, remove the seeds by pulling the teeth saws and circular rotating brushes that, far from clean.
The ginned cotton fiber, known as the lint is compressed into bales that are approximately 1.5 m high and weighing about 220 kg. Only 33% harvest is used lint. Commercial sold cotton quality, which generally relate the average length of the base and the variety of the plant. cotton on the basis (2 for 1) is called the Egyptian media base (1) is called the base of the mountains of America and short (less than in) is called to the Indians.
Cottonseed is introduced into a cooking oil. The pods and meals are transformed into animal feed, paper and pins.
Issues
Cotton is grown intensively, and uses large quantities of fertilizer and 25% of the worlds insecticides. Native Indian variety were fed with water from rain, but modern hybrids used for plants need watering, pests spread. 5% of land keeping cotton in India uses 55% of all pesticides used in India. Before mechanization, cotton has been harvested by hand and this unpleasant task was performed by the lower castes, and the United States by African slaves.
Methods of preparation Wire preparation
On the balls of ginning and transportation decisions in the country of origin.
Opening and cleaning
Platt Brothers Selector
cotton mills get the cotton shipped to them at all, 500 bales of books. When the fate of a cotton ball is all piled up, and still contains material plant. The ball breaks to the use of a machine with significant peaks. There Opener.In called for cotton ginning and removing plant material, cotton is sent via a switch or similar machines. A selector like carded cotton gin and, although it is slightly different. Cotton was introduced in the machine and struck with a beater bar, to soften. It feeds through various rollers, which are used to remove plant material. Cotton, by the use of fans, then collected on a screen and is fed by several rollers until it emerged as a flexible sheet still flaky, known as a tower.
The mixture
Mix jam
Carding
Main article: carding
Carding machine
Carding: the fibers are separated and mounted in one section (tape or trailer) at the end of this step.
Cotton is out of the qualifying rounds of the machine and is then taken to carding machines. The line of carding fibers to make them much easier to turn. The carding machine consists mainly of a large roll with kids around. All rolls are covered with small teeth, like cotton and keeps growing in the teeth get finer (ie closer). Cotton leaves machine patents in the form of a tape, a thick bundle of fibers.
Note: In a broader sense carding may refer to these four processes: fiber-loosening Willowing; break dust removal to create or change a flat sheet of cotton carding comb tangled in turn a thick bundle of half-diameter, ribbon, and drawing, where a Drawing framework combines four tapes in a repeated improve quality.
Combing is optional, but is used to remove short fibers to create an older child.
A combing machine
Drawing of the fibers are straightened
Several bits are combined. Each tape has fine points and thick, and the combination of various pieces together more uniform size can be achieved. Since the combination of several tapes produces a very thick rope of cotton fibers, directly after the combination the tapes are divided into chapters. These bits are then what is used in the spinning process. In generally, the processor is a little less the size of a pencil.Next, tapes combined. Each tape will have thin and thick spots, and by combining several tapes and a more uniform size can be achieved. Since the combination of several tape produces a very thick rope of cotton fibers immediately after the combination of the tapes are divided into chapters. These bits (or slubbings) which are then used in the spinning process.
In general, for the treatment of the machine, a lock is the size of a pencil.
Picture frame: Draw the component
Framework Bits: Adds Twist, and powered by wind
Middle managers: are used to repeat the process to produce more locks a thread end.
Roaming managers: reduced to a finer thread, gives more torque, is more regular and even in thickness, and the wind in a small tube.
Manufacture of Spinning Yarns
Article Home: cotton spinning machines
Yarn
The spinning of the wick, it thins and twists, the creation of wire wound on a reel.
Soon mule spinning drill and removed a coil fed by rollers, which feed on several different speeds.This hair thins at a steady rate. If the wick is not a constant size, then this step can lead a break in the cable, or that could block the machine. The wire is twisted by the rotation of the coil as the carriage moves, and rolled on a transport police and yields. Mule turned produces a finer thread that less qualified rotating ring.
The mule is an intermittent process, as part of the tip and returns a distance of 5ft.It was a descendant of 1779 Crompton device. It produces a softer less twisted yarn that has been favored by fines and the plot. It requires great skill, was the work for women.
The ring was a descendant of Arkwright's water frame in 1769. It was a continuous process, the court was crude, had more torque and was even stronger was adapted to the chain. Demanding less work skills that he was lying. Ring is slow due to the distance of the cable must go through the ring, other methods have been introduced. These are known collectively as the retail or twist at the end.
Sewing thread made of several twisted child together or duplicate.
Check
It is the process by which each coil is rewound to provide a hardening of the tin.
Folding and twisting
Sailing pulling the child is two or more coils and rotating in the opposite direction to that in which it was separated. According to the desired weight, cotton may or may not be folded, and the number of wires twisted together varies.
Gasification
Main article: Monkey # Textiles and gassing
son gasification process step, rather than from tissue very rapidly through a series of gas burner flame in a gassing to burn the fibers of the projection and go around wire and smooth and shiny too. Only the best qualities of his son were gassed, like that used for candles, poplin, the Venetians, raincoat, many qualities Egypt, etc. There is a weight loss in the gas chambers, which varies by about 5.8 percent. so if a child 2 / 60 requires 2 / 56 's are used. The son was gassed in the later darker, but should not be burnt.
Spinner
Mula runs
Turning rings
Turning rings
Steps
Main article: The units of the textile industry
Cotton Counts: The number of pieces of wire, 840 meters long enough for a 1 per pound. The number 10 means that the cotton 10×840 yd weighs one pound 40 meters These blanket 40×840 where necessary. In the UK, the counts of 40 are coarse grained (Accounts Oldham), 1940-1980 that account are medium and above 80 is a good number. In the United States at the age of 20 counts of gross.
Hank: a length of 7 meters or 840 LEA
Subject: A length of 54 to (the circumference of a beam)
Package: Generally, £ 10
Read: a length of 80 meters or 120 thread
Denier is an alternative method. It is defined as a number that equals the weight in grams of 9000 for his only son. 15 denier is thinner, only 30 pence.
Tex is the weight in grams of 1 km of wire.
The skein of yarn is only 560 yards
the manufacture of woven fabric
Loom weaving process. Discussions lengthway is known as a string, and how Cross-son is known as the weft. The chain must be strong needs to be presented on a loom beam. The frame passes through the loom in a ferry is a subject on Pim. These cans are automatically changed by the loom. Therefore, the wire must be wound on a beam, and the cans before weaving can begin.
Winding
After be spun and twisted, the yarn is taken to a room where the deformation of the wind machine is the necessary length of the child and wound into coils Warping
Trailers or radiates
A Warper
Roll Stands are in place to hold cable while the bar is wrapped in the chain of a loom. Because the cable is thin, often three of them are combined to get the desired number of threads. [Citation needed].
Sizing
Slasher machine size needed to strengthen the addition chain starch.
Drawing imminent
The manufacturing process of each end of the chain separately through the comb teeth and the eyes of the flat, in the order specified by the project.
Pirning (under processing)
Pim reel was used to transfer the child in cheese cloth cans would fit into the shuttle
Weaving
Article: loom
A this point, the thread is woven. Depending on how long a person could manage 300-100 machines. A mid-nineteenth century, four is the standard number. A skilled weaver in 1925 would be 6 Lancashire Crafts. Over time, new mechanisms were added that have stopped once the loom something went wrong. The controls for things like a broken warp thread, broken thread of the plot, the shuttle go straight and if the ferry was empty. Forty of these Northrop automatic looms offices or can be exploited by a skilled worker.
Draper loom weaving in the Textile Museum, Lowell, Massachusetts
The three main trade movements are shedding, picking, and cons in place.
Exercise: The operation of dividing the string into two lines, so the spacecraft can pass between these lines. Two general types of deposits, "open" and "closed." Open the shed, the son of the chain when the soil moving that requires a line of hair. The shed closed the son of the chain are placed at all levels in a line after each selection.
Collection: The operation projection of the shuttle from side to work together through the division into the threads of the chain. This is done underpick overpick or motions. The overpick is suitable for fast executing trades, while the best business underpick heavy or slow.
Beat-up: the main work of this movement by making and action of rod material, since the units of each shot frame by frame in the fall of the fabric.
The Lancashire loom was the first semi-automatic loom. Dobby Jacquard looms and trades are trades they have sophisticated methods of excretion. They can trade separately or mechanisms added to a normal business. A Northrop loom has been fully automated and has been produced mass between 1909 and mid 1960. Modern business run faster and do not use a transport service: there is air-jet looms, water jet looms and rapier.
Steps
Fin and options: The options relate to the structure, referred chain ends. The roughness of the fabric can be expressed as the number Peak and ends a quarter square inch, or per square inch. Final is always written first. For example: domestic goods vehicles are made of child side as 10 to 14 warp and weft, and ends at approximately 48 and 52 selections.
work-related titles
Piece
Dump
Weaver
Tackler
Attracting children
Pirner
Issues
When one was hand-woven at home, children helped with the weaving process at an early age. Related to skill needs, and a child can be as productive as an adult. When the tissue is moved between the house and the mill, children are often allows them to help their sisters elderly, and laws should be done to prevent child labor becomes established,
manufacture of knitted
Circular knitting machine.
Focus on the needles.
Machine knitting is done in two different ways; warp and weft. Woven fabric (as shown in the photos) is a method similar to hand knitting with all points connected to each other horizontally. Several machine frame can be configured to produce textiles from a reel or the child in several coils according to the size of the bottle machine (where the needles are beds). In a warp point there are plenty of pieces of wire and channels are vertically zigzagging between them to pass the thread.
woven fabric no stretch as much as a sweater framework and test runs. A plot point is not run-resistant, but extends beyond, this is especially true if the coils are processed based Lycra in a separate container and interlocking coil in the cylinder with cotton thread giving flexibility of the finished product to make it seem less likely to be a comfortable. The average T-shirt is a knitted fabric.
Textile Finishing-treatment
Fabric gray cotton cloth in his profession with the state, not only contains impurities, including channel size, but requires further treatment to developing Textile their full potential. Moreover, you can receive significant added value through the application of one or more finishing operations.
Desizing
Depending on the size that was used, the fabric can be soaked in acid solution, rinsing, or enzymes can be used to break the size.
Scrub
On maintenance is a cleaning chemical process carried out in the cotton cloth to remove the natural wax and non-fibrous impurities (eg, fragments of debris seed) fibers and a from any stains or dirt added. Shelling is usually transported in containers called Kiers iron. The fabric is boiled in an alkaline solution forming a free fatty acid soap. (Saponification). A Kier is usually closed, so that the solution of sodium hydroxide can be cooked under pressure, to the exclusion of oxygen, which degrade the cellulose fiber. If the appropriate reagents are used, Scouring removes also the size of the fabric before desizing scouring and is often considered as a separate process known as tissue preparation. Preparation and scouring are prerequisites for most finishing processes of others. At this point, even the natural cotton fibers are yellowish white, and the money, the following process is necessary.
Bleach
Article Home: bleaching textiles
Bleaching improves brightness by eliminating a natural color and other trace impurities of cotton, the degree of bleaching considered necessary in the whiteness and the required absorption. Cotton is a vegetable fiber is bleached with an oxidizing agent such as sodium peroxide or dilute diluted hydrochlorite hydrogen. If the fabric is stained a deep tone, then lower levels of money are acceptable, for example. However, split bed and whitewash medical applications, the highest levels of brightness and absorption is essential.
Mercerization
Main article: mercerized cotton
A Another possibility is the mercerization during which the fabric is a solution of caustic soda to cause swelling of the fibers. The best result brightness, strength and affinity to the dye. The mercerized cotton is lit, and all the alkali should be washed before the tension is released or the withdrawal will take place. Mercerization can take place directly on gray cloth, or after bleaching.
Many chemical treatments can be applied to cotton fabrics to produce a low flammability, crease-resistant and other special effects, but there are four main non-chemical finishing processes:
Buckle
Main article: Monkey # Textiles
Buckling is designed to burn the fibers of the fabric surface to produce without problems. The fabric passes over to lift the fiber brushes, then moves on a plate heated by gas flames.
Breeding
Another finishing process raises. For awareness of the fabric surface is treated with sharp teeth to increase the surface fiber, giving hair softness and warmth, like flannel.
Calendering
Main article: Calendar
Calendering is the third major mechanical process in which the fabric is made between hot rollers to produce smooth, polished or relief purposes, depending on the roll surface properties and relative speed.
Decrease (Sanforizing)
Main article: Sanforization
Finally, the mechanical reduction (sometimes called sanforizing), which is forced to reduce fabric width and / or length, creating a structure in which no residual tends to decrease after a subsequent washing is minimal.
Tincture
Main article: Tincture
Finally, cotton is an absorbent fiber, which easily meets the color process. The painting, for example, is usually done with direct dye anionic by immersing the fabric in full (or son) in an aqueous dye bath according to established procedures. Improved power washing, scrubbing and light, others colors, such as tanks and reagents are commonly used. These require more complex chemistry during processing and are more expensive to implement.
Print
Main article: Textile Printing
Print, on the other hand, is the application of color in a paste or ink to the surface of a tissue in a predetermined pattern. It can be seen as the dye located. for printing on colored fabric and is also possible.
Economic, environmental and political cotton production
Cotton cultivation is divided into two segments ie, organic and genetically modified. . Cotton cultivation provides a means life for millions of people, but its production is more expensive due to high water consumption, the use of expensive pesticides, insecticides and fertilizers. GM aims to increase resistance to disease and reduce the water needed. The organic sector is worth 583 million. transgenic cotton in 2007, occupied 43% of the cotton fields ..
The energy in the form of water and electricity is relatively high, especially in the processes of washing, desizing, bleaching, washing, dyeing, printing, coating and finishing. The treatment takes time. Most of the water in the textile industry is used for wet processing of textiles (70 percent). About 25 percent of the energy in textile production, and total fiber production, spinning, twisting, weaving, knitting, making garments, etc. used in dyeing. Around 34 percent of energy consumed in spinning, 23 per cent in the tissue, 38 percent of Wet chemical treatment and five percent in the various processes. Power dominates consumption patterns in the spinning and weaving, while thermal energy is the major factor of wet process chemicals.
Treatment processes of other plant fibers, other
Flax
Main article: Lin
Flax is a bast fiber, which means that is available in packages under the bark plant Linum usitatissimum. Flowers and plants are harvested.
Retting
Rupture
Jam
Combed or combed
It is now considered as cotton.
Jute
Detailed article: Jute
Jute is a bast fiber, which comes from the inner bark of plants in the genus Corchorus. It's like flax retting, dry and packed. When you run a small amount of oil should be added to the fiber. It can be bleached and dyed. It has been used for bags and bags, but now used for support to the carpet.
Hemp
Main article: Hemp
Hemp is a bast fiber of the bark Interior Cannabis sativa. It difficult to chlorine, is used for making ropes and cords.
Retting
Separation
Hammering
other bast
Bast fibers can also be used: kenaf, Ureña, ramie, nettles.
Other fiber sheet
Sisal is the main sheet of fibers used, others are: ABAC and henequen.
Treatment of protein fibers
The wool is domestic sheep. Form two products, wool and yarn. The sheep has two types of wool from her and the internal layer used. This can be mixed with wool that has been recovered from rags. The poor quality is the term for shoddy that are not mounted, while just felt like Mungo wool. Extract is recovered from chemically mixed cotton fabrics.
The fleece cut in one piece, then skirted to remove the wool sheep.This dirty, and packed. It is classified as long wool fibers, which can reach 15 but not more than 2.5 inches is ideal for combining the hairstyle. The smaller fibers than wool and the short form is described as a garment or carding wool.
In the woolen mill is covered with detergent to remove grease (yellow) and impurities. This is done mechanically at the opening of the machine. The plant material can be removed chemically with sulfuric acid (carbonisation). Dish uses a solution soap and sodium carbonate. Lana is oiled before carded or combed.
Lana: The use of schappe hair comb, Mungo and of poor quality and short wool new
Hairstyle
Combing: tapes are wrapped in the towers of oil, and placed in the circular Comber. The son of yarn to form a spin. Schappe short fibers or stay behind and removed with a knife.
Angora
Silk
The silk production process are similar to those of cotton, but be aware that silk reeeled is a continuous fiber. The terms used are different.
Opening bullets. hanks to the game: the silk is sorted by color, size and quality, scouring: where the silk is washed with water of 40 degrees for 12 hours to eliminate natural rubber, dry: either by heating with steam or a centrifuge, the softening: rub to remove any stains that remain difficult.
Silk Throw (Settlement). Tangles are placed on a reel in a lot of others. The silk is wound on reels or spools.
And problems. The silk is too thin to be woven, so now is doubled and twisted on the chain, known as organzine and the plot, known as the tram. Each one gives a simple organzine a few turns inch (TPI), and combined with the cons of various other singles from 1910 to 1914 TPI hard twisted. By tram line up with two single beds with a slightly twisted, 3-6 TPI. Thread Sewing child is two tram tour, and brake hard is composed of three tram twisted son hard. Tram in the process of crepe is twisted up to 80 tpi to do "Kick."
Stretching. The cable is the proof of uniform size. Any irregular thickness ranges. The wire is wound as a result the containment 500 m² and 2,500 m². The entanglements are about 50 in a length of the loop.
Tincture balls: are degreased again, and removed with a bleaching process of sulfur. This weakens the silk. The skeins are dyed or dyed. They are dried and rewind reels and hanks. Imminent, and the process of weaving on a loom is the same as that of cotton.
Web. The organzine is distorted. It is a process similar to that of cotton. First, the son of a thirty are placed in a deformation, and then use deflection coils, the child is hooked. A thick layer of paper between each layer is covered by the beam stop mess.
Treatment man-made fibers
Discussion of the types of man-made fibers
Main article: Synthetic Fiber
The synthetic fibers are the result of extensive development by scientists to improve the natural animal and vegetable fibers. In In general, synthetic fibers are created by forcing, or fiber extrusion through holes forming materials (Called channels) in the air, forming a thread. Before developed synthetic fibers, cellulose fibers were made from natural cellulose, which comes from plants.
The first artificial fiber, known as the state of silk from 1799 to today, was known as viscose around 1894, and finally rayon in 1924. A similar product called cellulose acetate was discovered in 1865. Rayon and acetate are man-made fibers, but not really Synthesis, made of wood. Despite these artificial fibers were discovered in the mid-nineteenth century, the success of modern manufacturing started much later in the 1930s. Nylon, synthetic fiber first made its debut in the U.S. instead of silk, and has been used for parachutes and other military uses. [Citation needed]
The techniques used for the treatment of these fibers are essentially the same child that the natural fibers, the changes must be made that these fibers are very long, and have no texture, and the balance in cotton and mesh support [Ref. Necessary]
Other processes associated with man-made fibers
See also
Glossary of textile mills
References
^ ABC Majeed, A January (19 2009). "Cotton Textiles and new challenges." Dawn-l'édition Internet. Http: / / www.dawn.com/2009/01/19/ebr5.htm. Retrieved on 12/02/2009.
^ "Machin process. Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. Http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/industry/machproc.php. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
C ^ Ab "Handicrafts of India.." Craft Revival Trust. http://www.craftrevival.org/voiceDetails.asp?Code=25. Retrieved on 12/02/2009.
^ "The culture and harvest. Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. Http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=64&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Cultivation+&+harvesting. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Collier 1970, p. 11
Ab ^ Collier 1970, p. 13
^ "Preparatory Process. Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=65&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Preparatory+processes. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Collier 1970, pp. 66.67
^ Collier 1970, p. 69
^ Collier 1970, p. 70.
^ Hills, 1993, p. 4
^ Collier 1970, p. 71.
^ Saxonhouse, Gary. Seminars SST "technological change in cotton spinning, 1878-1933. Stanford University. Http://siepr.stanford.edu/programs/SST_Seminars/Jeremy.pdf Seminars in OSH. Retrieved on 26/01/2009.
^ Collier 1970, p. 79.
^ "Spinning." Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=66&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Spinning. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Curtis 1921, p. 1
^ Curtis 1921, p. cotton
^ Collier 1970, p. 3
^ Collier 1970, p. 74
^ "Web." Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=66&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Weaving. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
^ Fowler, Alan (2003). Lancashire cotton operatives and work, 1900-1950: A Social History of Lancashire cotton workers in the twentieth century. Ashgate Publishing, SA de CV. pp. 90. ISBN 0754601161, 9780754601166. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7GHLv-rLifgC&printsec=frontcover. Accessed 21 January 2009.
^ Curtis 1921, p. Shed
^ Curtis 1921, p. End
^ Collier 1970, p. 118
^ "Finish." Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=68&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Finishing. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Greenhalgh DAVID (2005). "Finishing of cotton." Http: / / website.lineone.net / ~ davghalgh / cotton_finishing.html. Retrieved 12/02/2009.
Ab ^ Collier 1970, p. 155
^ Collier 1970, p. 157
^ Collier 1970, p. 159
^ "Cotton: From field of the facts behind the fiber mode. Talent2Trade. Http://www.t2trade.co.uk/downloads/ComparingConventionalCottontoOrganic-TheFacts.pdf. Retrieved on 12/02/2009.
^ Collier 1970, p. 16
^ Collier 1970, p. 17
^ Collier 1970, p. 19
^ Production of silk. Antiques Abstract: The lost knowledge of the past. Old and sold. Early 1900s. http://www.oldandsold.com/articles04/textiles17.shtml. Retrieved on 04/07/2009.
Bibliography
Barfoot, JR (1840). The progress of cotton. Barfoot series of color lithographs from 1840 that represents the cotton manufacturing process .. Spin the Web Manchester Library: Darton. pp. 12. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/bookbrowse.php?page=2&book=Barfoot&sub=overview&theme=overview&crumb=The Age of the plant and submit_y submit_x = 0 = 0 & & send = send. Retrieved on February 11, 2009.
Collier, Ann M. (1970). A Handbook of Textiles. Pergamon Press. pp. 258. ISBN 0 08 018057 6 4 0 08,018,056.
Curtis, HP (1921), "Glossary of textiles, Arthur Roberts Black Book. (Manchester: Marsden & Company, Ltd. 1921), http://www.oneguyfrombarlick.co.uk/forum_topic.asp?whichpage=1&TOPIC_ID=6424&FORUM_ID=99&CAT_ID=3&Forum_Title=Rare+Text+ (Book Transcripts +) And TOPIC_TITLE = A + Glossary + of + Textile + Conditions, Retrieved 1/11/2009
Gurr, Duncan Hunt, Julian (1998), Cotton yarn Oldham, Education Oldham Leisure, ISBN 0-902809-46-6, QueryName http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/a_results.php?x=5&y = 7 & & Keywords = Keyword = + + + the Oldham cotton mills + history + + + + and short nomenclature
Hills, Richard Leslie (1993). The Power of Steam: A steam engine history stationary. Cambridge University Press. pp. 244. ISBN 052145834X, 9780521458344. http://books.google.com/books?id=t6TLOQBhd0YC. Retrieved January 2009.
Nasmith, Joseph (1894) "Recent construction of the cotton plant and works, newly built cotton mill and engineering. John Heywood (, Deansgate, Manchester, Classic reprinted Elibron), ISBN 1-4021-4558-6, extracted http://www.archive.org/details/recentcottonmill00nasm 11/01/2009
Roberts, AS (1921), "motor List of Robert Arthur, Arthur Roberts Black Book. (One Barlick Transcription-Book) http://oneguyfrombarlick.co.uk/forum_topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=7926&FORUM_ID=99&CAT_ID=3&Forum_Title=Rare+Text+ (Paper transcripts +) and Arthur Roberts TOPIC_TITLE = + + + list of engines and whichpage = 1 & tmp = 1 # pid81483, Retrieved 1/11/2009
External Links
Cotton Yearbook 1910 (Textile Mercury) descriptions and calculations for the purchase of all machines in the processing of cotton.
1921 John Hetherington Sounds & catalog descriptions and illustrations of the main engines.
Profile of the Textile Industry: A Guide to the EPA
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Fibers
Natural
Animal
Bison Down Alpaca Angora Camel hair Cashmere Catgut Chiengora Guanaco Lama Mohair Silk Pashmina qiviut Rabbit tendon wool silk spider vicuñas Yak
Vegetable
Abac flax hemp cotton bamboo coconut Jute Kapok kenaf Pia raffia palm wood Ramie Sisal
Ore
Asbestos Basalt Mineral wool Wool glass
Cellulose
Acetate Art Silk Bamboo Lyocell (Tencel) modal rayon
Synthetic
Acrylic Aramid (Twaron Kevlar Nomex Technora) Carbon (Tenax) Microfiber Nylon Polyester olefins modacrylic polyethylene (Dyneema Spectra) Vinalon Spandex Zylon
v, d, e
textile art
Background:
Wall crochet embroidery fabric dyeing (textiles) Fiber Knitting Lace Needle Felt Trimmings Nlebinding carry Patchwork Quilting Turn the rope sewing upholstery textile printing son
History …:
Clothing and textiles woven silk patchwork in the revolution timeline industrial textile technology
Regional and ethnic
Australia Hmong indigenous Andean Mori Korea
Related:
Blocking of Mathematical Art Textile and Apparel Manufacturing Arts
Preservation Terminology Textile industry Textile Museums measurement units usable fiber art
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Yarn
Materials
Top Roving Sliver Rolag Bourrette trailer staple Yarn
Techniques
Carding long hairstyle short draw draw Twist per inch
The spinning hand tools
Noddy Niddy spinning distaff Spinners weasel hub
Spinning industry
cotton spinning machinery Open end spinning yarn mule spinning frame spinning jenny gray water wool combing machine
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Weaving
Armor
Bedspread Charvet Double weave fabric woven Even Pile weave Piqué Lampas Oxford Plain weave Satin weave Twill Trench Coat
Components
Warp fabric Son
Tools and techniques
Chilkat weaving warp Ikat Inkle weaving Fingerweaving Kasuri Loom Navajo rug Shuttle Tablet Tniko Jacquard Tapestry
The types of looms
Hattersley Dobby loom Jacquard loom business Northrop Lancashire Business Warp Weighted Loom Roberts artisan looms
Weavers
Ada Dietz Micheline Beauchemin Brigitta Acesa Pamphile John Rylands Scherzenfeldt Judocus Clara Sherman De Vos
v, d, e
Cotton
Architects
Sidney Stott Stott (later Sir Philip) Edward Potts Potts, Pickup FW Dixon and Dixon & Son
engine manufacturers
Frost Daniel Adamson Ashton Ashworth and Parker Boulton and Watt & Lindley Browet Buckley and Taylor Earnshaw Fairbairn Carel & J Holt Goodfellow JW Hicks & Galloway B & Goodfellow McNaught W George Petrie and Scott Musgrave wooden Saxon Woolstenhulme Rochdale Urmson Hodgson & Thompson Yates Yates & Thom Blackburn Whilans J & E & Rye
Machinery Manufacturers
Brooks & Doxey Butterworth and Dickinson Dobson Hetherington and John Barlow & Sons Joseph Hibbert Howard & Bullough Geo. Asa Lees Hattersley Mather & Platt Platt Brothers Taylor, Lang & Co Ltd textile machinery manufacturers Tweedale and Smalley
–
Oldham Spinners Limited Fine Arts and cotton doublers Courtaulds Corporation Lancashire Bagley Wright &
Industrial processes
Manufacture of textile machinery for spinning cotton open end spinning spinning spinning tissable ring mule Roberts Water Framework Lancashire Loom Loom
List of windmills
Bolton Bury Cheshire Lancashire factories LCC Derbyshire Manchester Salford Stockport Tameside Oldham Rochdale Wigan
Categories: | Textile Textile categories industryHidden all heels | heels of February 2009 About the Author

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